To submit an enquiry on any of the sectors regulated by MCA, you may use the MCA enquiry form.

Following due investigation, and subject to the MCAs powers at law, if the Authority considers that the service provider has not effectively addressed the complaint, it will direct the service provider on how to effectively address the matter.

The extent of the action the MCA can take in relation to your complaint, depends on the particular nature of your complaint and the MCA's relevant legal powers. If the complaint involves issues that are regulated under a law the MCA has the power to enforce, then the MCA can intervene. In instances where the MCA cannot intervene directly, the MCA will suggest alternative courses of action by referring you to the appropriate forum.

• Where possible, lodge a complaint in writing, explaining your problem clearly and specifying how you expect the service provider to resolve your complaint.
• State your name and relevant contact details.
• Support your case with copies of any relevant documentation. Remember you should always retain the original copies of any correspondence or official documentation such as contracts and bills.
• Identify the service providers representative/s you are dealing with, including date and time of your interactions.
• Always keep a copy of any written communications you have exchanged with the service provider.
• Ask for action within a specific and reasonable period.

We may be able to help you if you still remain unsatisfied with the response and/or solution offered by your service provider, after having gone through your service providers complaint handling procedures. We can then provide you with all the relevant information on the matter, so that you will have a better understanding of what the service providers obligations are, what your rights are and the possible courses of action available to you.

In many instances the following information will assist the MCA in addressing your complaint efficiently: 

• A copy of your service contract;
• Copies of any correspondence with your service provider that relate to your complaint;
• Copies of bills, if and when applicable;
• Any other relevant documentation, such as: service termination form; direct debit application form; number portability form.

If, after exhausting your service providers complaint handling procedures you still feel that your complaint was not adequately addressed, we may be able to help you.

The Authority requires that, whenever possible, a complaint form is completed and submitted to the MCA, online or by post. Following receipt of your written complaint, we will:

 Acknowledge your complaint within 2 working days;

• Check that you have provided all the relevant details; 
• Endeavour to give you a full reply within 20 working days;
• Ensure that you have already approached your service provider to resolve the matter;
• Investigate the complaint, which may involve further communication with you and/or the service provider;
• Make any information relating to your case accessible to all parties involved, unless there is a specific and valid request by either you or the service provider.

The Authority may only ask a service provider to give compensation to an end-user, in line with the service providers compensation schemes, if the quality of service levels agreed upon in the contract for the provision of your service are not met. The above is not applicable in cases of force majeure. Service providers may, of course, voluntarily agree to offer compensation other than in the instances mentioned above, however this is at their discretion. 

This does not mean that you cannot seek compensation before other bodies. In most instances, if you believe that you have been provided a service which is not satisfactory and that you are entitled to compensation, then as a consumer you may file a claim before the Consumer Claims Tribunal. This Tribunal is empowered to determine disputes between customers and traders where the value of the claim for compensation does not exceed the sum of €10,000.

For further information, you can contact the Consumer Claims Tribunal’s Registry at 47A, South Street, Valletta.  You can also phone on 2122 7070. 

If you own a business, then you may consider filing a claim before the Small Claims Tribunal. The Small Claims Tribunal hears disputes where the value of the claim for compensation does not exceed the sum of €5,000. The Small Claims Tribunal is located at the Courts of Justice, Republic Street, Valletta, and at the Courts of Justice, Cathedral Square, Victoria, Gozo. Their telephone numbers are 2590 2260 and 2155 6412 respectively.

Number portability enables you to retain your telephone number (e.g. fixed or mobile number) when switching to another service provider.

Service providers may not charge you for the service of number portability. There could, however, be other implications, including charges that you may have to pay following a successful porting. For instance, if you are tied for a minimum contractual period, early termination fees may apply if you switch to another service provider. It is advisable to check whether such fees could apply prior to submitting a porting request.

If you are a subscriber on a pre-paid or hybrid tariff plan, be aware that there is no obligation on your new service provider to provide you with any monetary credit upon successful porting.

Rather, once the porting process is completed, consumers may request a refund of any unused monetary credit from their previous service provider during a two-week period (unless your previous service provider specifies a longer period). A refund fee not exceeding €5 may apply, depending on your previous service provider’s terms and conditions of service.

No, you should not terminate your active telephony service before you request porting. This will be done automatically by your new service provider as part of the porting process upon successful completion. This approach is intended to ensure that any loss of service is kept to a minimum.

However, if you have a Carelink service (or a similar type of service) linked to the telephone number to be ported, you will be required to terminate this service before porting.

Your contract with your current service provider will be terminated automatically upon successful porting. This service provider will no longer provide any of the services forming part of the bundled offer, unless you have made arrangements for this provider to continue to provide you with one or more of these services under a different contract. 

If you are subscribed to a bundle of services with your current service provider, it is advisable to check, prior to submitting a porting request, on any possible implications that could arise upon porting out a number associated with a service in your bundle.

This is only possible for a short period of time following the termination of the number in question. If your telephone number was terminated and your details were registered with your last serving provider before the date of termination, you also have the right to request to port (or reactivate) this number within one (1) month from the termination date of a subscription that you had in your name.

Speak to the service provider with whom you want to subscribe for further assistance, and bear in mind that there may be justified cases where the provider may refuse your request for porting (or reactivation).

Following a successful porting, you may port that number again only after a period of two (2) months has passed from the previous porting.

Service providers may offer more than one way how you can request porting.

If you opt to apply in-person, visit an outlet of the telephony service provider you would like to subscribe to and take with you:

• your Maltese identity card or driving licence, or your passport for foreign nationals;
• SIM card or eSIM (if you are porting your active mobile number); and
• a copy of a recent bill or statement (in case you are on a post-paid or hybrid tariff plan with your current service provider).

At the outlet, fill in a porting form. The new service provider will carry out the process to port your existing number on your behalf. It is important that the person signing the porting form is the subscriber, or his/her legally authorised representative. In the latter case, additional documentation may be required, such as a letter of authorisation.

Any outstanding bills remain due, even after successful porting. Ensure that these are settled in accordance with any credit periods afforded by the service provider. Also, porting would be refused if you have any overdue bills where payment has not been received within the normal credit period.

If you are not in a position to request porting in-person, reach out to your desired service provider and enquire on other means (e.g. online means, via post) that they make available for submitting a porting request.

It is important that you contact and inform your new service provider with any issues that you encounter during the porting process. Your new service provider is responsible to ensure that the porting process is completed and that any issues that may arise during such process are resolved.

• You should be provided with a copy of the signed porting form when you raise a porting request. This document includes important information on your new subscription and relative rights and obligations. It may also be requested by the service provider or the Malta Communications Authority to resolve any issues that you may come across during or after the porting process.
• Porting should normally take no longer than one (1) working day. In the case of fixed number portability, this one (1) working day applies from the time that your new provider is ready to commence service provision, that is, the installation of the new fixed line has been successfully completed.  Other exceptions may apply in certain cases.
• When you port your number, you are tied to the new service provider for a minimum period of two (2) months from when your number was effectively ported.
• If the porting process fails, you should be able to retain the service with your current service provider, on the same terms and conditions previously offered. In cases where the failure is due to a rejection by your current service provider, you should be informed by your desired service provider of any shortcomings that may need to be rectified from your end in order to retry the porting process.

You may make use of the free-of-charge tariff transparency service provided by your telephony service provider.

If you are calling from a fixed line, you may call short code ‘180’ and, when prompted, key in the local telephone number you wish to check. You would then be provided with information to help you determine whether the telephone number is on-net or off-net.

If you are calling from a mobile subscription, you may be offered a similar call facility or an alternative facility where you may send an SMS including the local telephone number you wish to check to short code ‘180’ and you would then receive an SMS with information to help you determine whether the telephone number is on-net or off-net.

Your current service provider may refuse porting until the minimum spend has been reached or the shortfall paid. It is therefore suggested that you check whether any minimum spend limit applies to your service. If this limit applies, you may wish to check with your service provider whether you have reached this minimum threshold or not before requesting porting.

When you terminate your internet access service, your e-mail services will be automatically terminated.  Nevertheless, your service provider must offer you at least one of the following e-mail facilities:

1. E-mail forwarding services – This facility allows you to request your internet access service provider to forward all e-mails addressed to your original e-mail address to any new e-mail address. When doing so, the service provider will also send an automated reply to every e-mail received on the original e-mail address with a message informing the sender of the forwarding service and the new e-mail address; and/or
2. Continued access to e-mails – This facility allows you to continue accessing and receive the e-mails sent on the e-mail address which was originally provided by your internet access service provider.

You can make such a request upon termination of your internet access subscription.

You can benefit from any of the facilities being offered by your provider for a period of one year without incurring any additional costs. On expiry of the first year, the service provider may still decide to continue offering such service/s, however, your service provider can do so at a cost.

A postal article is an article (such as a letter, parcel etc.) addressed to you which is delivered by a postal operator. There are different types of postal articles available. These include ordinary mail, registered mail, bulk mail, express mail etc.

The Universal Postal Service ensures that you have access to postal services that are necessary for everyday life. Maltapost is the designated universal service provider responsible to provide these universal services which incorporate both the collection of letters and packages domestically and internationally. Therefore MCA imposes certain obligations on Maltapost on the quality of service, including, the duration of delivery of post and ensures the affordability of the postal service.

In order to ensure that your mail gets delivered promptly and correctly, it is important to address and stamp the envelope or parcel accurately.

Write the address, parallel to the longest side of the envelope. Start to write on the left hand side of the envelope, following this sequence:

• 1st line: Name of addressee
• 2nd line: House/flat name and/or number + Street/Square name
• 3rd line: Town/City
• 4th line: Postcode
• 5th line: Country name

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If you need to find any local postcodes, log on to MaltaPost’s postcode finder.

The MCA strongly recommends that your letterbox conforms with European standard dimensions as indicated below:

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You must not post any item which is prohibited, or which include items that are dangerous, explosive or illegal, or which are listed on MaltaPost’s website.

These lists are updated regularly.

Although some of the items listed may seem harmless to you, they can become dangerous when being transported. Remember it is your responsibility to check whether an item is prohibited or not and acceptance by the postal operator does not free you of this responsibility.

You can track registered postal articles using the International Courier Service by either selecting the Track and Trace feature on MaltaPost’s home page and inputting, as directed, the 13-digit number under the barcode and pressing SEARCH or otherwise by calling MaltaPost Customer Care on telephone 21224421, or by emailing info@maltapost.com and quoting the said number. The range of tracking information (including final delivery) depends of tracking capability of the receiving postal operator.

eCommerce (electronic commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network, primarily the Internet. These business transactions occur either business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer or consumer-to-business. Almost any product or service can be offered via ecommerce, from books and music to financial services and plane tickets.

Check what kind of business it is and what it sells. Whoever is selling online is obliged to provide information such as:

• The company’s name;
• The geographic address were it is established;
• The registration number, if registered in a trade or similar public register;
•  Where the activity is subject to an authorisation, the particulars of the authority in question, for example, a company operating in the telecommunications industry must acquire an authorisation by the MCA;
• The Value Added Tax (VAT) registration number; and
• An e-mail address and telephone number where you can contact the company with questions or problems.

 It is also advisable to review feedback and comments submitted by customers who already bought from the website. 

• Accurately read all the information about the product or service you intend to buy or subscribe to. Also take note of the instructions for proper use of products, including safety and health-care warnings.
• Carefully look at any pictures/photos of the product.
• If you intend to take part in an online auction, make sure that you understand all the rules associated with the auction and the terms and conditions associated with any purchases you could make. Never bid on an item if you do not intend to purchase. Remember that if you are the highest bidder, you are obliged to follow through with the transaction.
• If necessary, contact the seller to clarify any questions or request more information before you place an order.
• Know the full cost in euro of the purchase, that is, the cost of the product or service, including VAT, and any other expenses, such as:
• Shipping and handling costs: Check to make sure that you are not paying a premium for express shipping unless you really want something quickly and are willing to pay the extra cost.
• Taxes and duties: When buying online from outside of the European Union (E.U.), customs duty and VAT will be charged when the item arrives in Malta. The rate and type of duty charged will depend on the type, quantity and value of items. [Further information may be obtained from the Department of Customs, Ministry of Finance, the Economy and Investment (MFIN)].

• Carefully read the terms and conditions of the purchase agreement (contract), especially any restrictions or limitations on the sale, such as return policies, cash-back policies or damaged goods policies.
• Once you know the full cost of the purchase, confirm that your order is correct before you pay. A serious business will give you a clear summary of your order before you proceed to payment, sometimes referred to as ‘checking-out’ and provide an opportunity to revise your order if there are any incorrect details or quantities.
• When your order is submitted, you should receive a confirmation e-mail or a receipt. If it doesn’t match what you wanted/ordered, immediately notify the seller by email or telephone. It is important that you print and/or save a copy of the confirmation page.
• Review carefully any warranty or guarantee declaring the sellers’ responsibility to repair, refund or replace your product or its parts if it is found to be defective. Take note of:
• The period of the warranty and what it covers;
1. Whom you have to contact for repair, refund or replacement under a warranty; and
2. What responsibility the seller is willing to take if the item doesn’t work or causes damage.
• Check what online payment options are offered by the seller, mainly:
1. Payment by credit card;
2. Payment by debit card, personal cheque, cashier’s cheque or money order; and
3. Online payment services.
• Take note of when you can expect to receive your purchases. Unless otherwise agreed, the seller must deliver your order within thirty (30) days from the day after you placed your order.
• Be aware of your right to cancel. When you purchase online you are given a specific time period in which you can stop the service, or return the product, without giving any reason or incurring any penalty. (Cancellation time periods vary from country to country however, as a general rule, these periods cannot be less than 7 working days. Orders with Maltese online sellers can be cancelled within 14 days)
• Understand the sellers’ return and refund policies, if any. Mainly check:
• Under what conditions will the seller allow you to return a purchased item, even if opened, within a reasonable time for full refund, merchandise credit or for equal exchange; and
• Whether or not you would have to pay to ship the item back and/or be charged a ‘restocking’ fee.
• Print and/or save a record of the terms and conditions, warranties, item description, company information, confirmation emails, and save them with the records of your purchase. Also, save a copy of any correspondence with the seller: this might be useful in case a problem arises.

• Most online transactions will require the use of a username and/or password. Therefore, make sure your password is unique by choosing a combination of letters, numbers and punctuation marks.
• Change your password regularly and do not use the same password for more than one account.
• Ensure that the seller is offering a secure checkout process. This will ensure that your personal and financial information can only be read by the seller and the credit card issuer and cannot be tampered with by other parties.

• Look for security policy available on the website;
• Look out for websites that use a technology called Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) to protect any personal data/information provided over the Internet during online transactions. These websites may display a logo from a certification company as proof of use of SSL, or else just use the words SSL or a pop up box that says you are entering a secure area;
• Check the web address of the page where you are being asked for your credit card details. If the page starts with ‘https://www’ as opposed to the ordinary ‘http://www’, then this is indicative that it is a secure site. Furthermore, if the address bar turns green, this may also indicate that the site has an additional level of security.
• Search for an icon of an ‘unbroken key’ or closed ‘padlock’ at the bottom of the browser window.
• Choose a secure and easy-to-use payment method that protects your financial information when shopping online:
• Credit card payments are more secure than paying by cheque or money order. This method will not only help prevent your personal information from ending up in the hands of potential perpetrators, but you will be able to request reversal of your credit card transaction (chargeback) with your bank in cases of:The item is not delivered within thirty (30) days from the date of the transaction;
• The item is not delivered within thirty (30) days from the date of the transaction: 
• The item is not what you purchased;
• Double charging has occurred; or
• A processing error has taken place.
• Online payment services handle the transfer of money between you and the seller when buying online. Online businesses offering this service will allow you to set up a personal account that can be used to purchase from various online sellers around the world, without the need to retype your credit card information for each transaction. You will only need to provide your account information once; and then this is stored securely by the online payment service provider.

Watch out for identity theft when shopping online. This happens when your personal and financial information is stolen and used illegally to open accounts in your name.

• You should pay attention for fake emails, called ‘spoof emails’. These emails appear to have been sent by well-known/reputable companies or popular web-sites, for example, your bank, insurance agency, online auctions etc., and ask you to reply with personal and financial information. This practice is known as ‘phishing’ or ‘spoofing’.
• Never reply to e-mails that you receive from someone you do not know or from someone that is asking for personal information. Delete these messages immediately!
• Do not open e-mail attachments or click on links embedded within any potentially suspicious email, because this might be forged. We suggest you open a new Internet window and manually type in the link’s URL into the address bar - this will direct you to the legitimate website.
• Never pay via email when shopping online by providing your credit cards details in an ordinary e-mail.
• Regularly review your credit card and bank statements to look for any possible fraudulent charges or withdrawals.
• If you believe you are the victim of a spoof attack and identity theft, report to:

1.  Your bank; and
2. Cyber Crime Unit, Malta Police Force, telephone no. 22942231 or email: computer.crime@gov.mt

•  In case you have a dispute with local online businesses, you may seek guidance from the Malta Competition and Consumer Affairs Authority (MCCAA). The MCCAA is the entity responsible for ensuring conformity with the Consumer Rights Regulations.
• In case you have a dispute with a business which operates in another EU country, you may seek guidance from the European Consumer Centre (ECC).

Broadband usage is the amount of data you upload and download from the Internet. In the early days of the Internet, the Internet was mainly used to send emails and browse websites. Such activities did not consume high levels of data and hence broadband usage was low. However, with the advances in technology, what we do on the Internet has now changed. Internet usage pattern has changed along the years and nowadays we are using the Internet to stream live TV content and movies, to download files, for online gaming, to stream, etc. Such activities consume a considerably high amount of data when compared to other so called traditional activities such as sending emails and browsing websites. This means that the overall broadband usage has increased.

This depends on the package you are subscribed to and its service contract. If you are subscribed to an Internet package which has a download limit, after exceeding such limit you will either continue using the Internet at an additional charge, or else your Internet speed will be automatically slowed down. Such information should always be listed in your contract. Alternatively, if you are a heavy Internet user engaging in various online activities, you will most probably require an Internet package which has an unlimited download limit together with an adequate Internet speed which supports your usage pattern.

Various elements making up the Internet service provider infrastructure, are used to deliver the Internet service which is shared amongst a number of users and the resources are not fully reserved to a particular user. To give an example on how the Internet works, one can compare it to the road network system. Much like the roads are used by a number of people, so is the Internet service. Similar to the road network, when the number of users increase, congestion may occur, possibly resulting in a temporarily slow Internet connection. In order to minimise Internet traffic congestion, service providers may implement traffic management policies to ensure that all network resources are fully used in an efficient manner to maximise the Internet experience of users and minimise congestion.

In the past months, the EU has been working to issue a set of regulations regarding the open Internet access, known as Net Neutrality. These regulations have come into force, and are applicable as from 30th April 2016. Amongst other things, this regulation will require that all traffic will be treated equally. This means, for example, that the ISP cannot use traffic management to block traffic from or to specific users. At the same time, equal treatment allows reasonable day to day traffic management according to justified technical requirements, and which must be independent of the origin or destination of the traffic and of any commercial considerations. Common rules on net neutrality mean that Internet access providers cannot pick winners or losers on the Internet, or decide which content and services are available.

As from the 30th of April 2016, ISPs must list any traffic management policies and how such measures could impact the quality of the Internet service, in the terms and conditions of subscriber contracts which are also accessible on the service provider's website.

You will receive a standard bill if you are subscribed to an electronic communications (TV, Internet, fixed and mobile telephony) post-paid service. As a minimum a standard bill should include information on the types of services or bundles you are subscribed to, and total dues for a defined billing period.

You can have access to a detailed itemised bill if you are subscribed to a telephony post-paid service.The detailed itemised bill should include usage and cost related information on each telephony related transaction made from your mobile or fixed line, such as in the case of each voice call, SMS, MMS and data session used throughout the billing period in question whether as part of a bundled tariff plan or not.

If you have an internet connection, you can access your standard and itemised bills electronically free of charge, normally through an online system.

Every service provider adopts different mechanisms on how subscribers can access their bills electronically. Service providers have an online portal where subscribers can log onto such portal with their personalised username and password to access their bills. Moreover, most service providers also provide the possibility to send you an email notification whenever a bill has been uploaded. If you enquire with your service provider on how to access your bills electronically, your service provider should offer the necessary assistance and information.

The online system operated by your service provider shall enable you to retrieve copies of your electronic bills for the past six (6) months. Should you wish to view your online bills for a longer period, it is advisable to download such bills and save a copy.

If you do not have an internet connection, you have the right to ask your service provider to receive your bills in printed format free of charge. In this case, it is advisable to contact your service provider directly. Some service providers may require you to sign a declaration stating that you do not have an Internet subscription.

Generally if you are subscribed to a pre-paid service you do not receive periodic bills as you purchase the credit beforehand. Nevertheless, if you wish to see any transaction made from your fixed and/or mobile telephony service, you may request your service provider for a detailed report on your usage by visiting any of your service providers' outlets. It is advisable that you contact your service provider before visiting an outlet. If you request a copy of your detailed usage report in printed format, your service provider may charge you a fee.

Note: Since, such information is quite personal and sensitive, your service provider may request to verify your identity before providing a detailed usage report. In many instances, service providers follow certain authentication measures which have to be in line with data protection laws. You may wish to seek further information on this subject by accessing MCA's decision on Standard and Itemised Billing.

Yes, service providers can change the Ts & Cs of your contract. In doing so, service providers must inform you one (1) month prior to the implementation of the said changes, in writing. Notifications to mobile pre-paid subscribers may be sent by SMS.

Yes, if you disagree with these changes, you have the right to withdraw from the contract without incurring any penalties within the notification period, which cannot be less than thirty (30) days.

In the notification letter sent by your service provider, you will be informed how to inform your service provider of your intention to terminate the contract. For example, you may be required to send a written letter to your service provider, send an online request, etc. If no information is provided in the notification letter sent by the service provider, you should follow the termination procedure as specified in your contract.

Yes, you are entitled to a refund of any fees paid in advance for the subscription of your service payments. The notification sent by your service provider will specify the manner in which any advance payment covering the remaining period of your contract will be refunded should you terminate the service.

The above excludes any payments and/or subsidies for benefits that the service provider may have granted to the subscriber. By way of example in the mobile telephony sector, service providers may offer subsidised or free mobile handsets to subscribers entering a definite contract.

• Follow the disconnection procedure as specified in your contract for service. If you are not in possession of your contract, you can contact your service provider to enquire about the disconnection procedure. Certain service providers may require a notification in writing and a copy of your ID card;
• Ensure that any outstanding bills are settled;
• Ensure that any CPE is handed back to the service provider upon termination; and
• Be aware that if you are subscribed to a pre-paid account with your existing service provider you may lose any unused credit.

Contracts which establish a minimum contractual period are normally subject to an early termination fee. You may review your contract or enquire with your service provider to verify whether this is applicable in your case.

This depends on what is listed in your contract. Generally service providers renew subscriber contracts for an indefinite period. If your contract has been renewed after the initial contractual period has expired, you will not be charged an early termination fee if you chose to terminate the contract. An early termination fee can apply if you enter a new contract for a new minimum contractual period. In such cases you would be required to sign a new contract.

Service providers can require subscribers to notify them in advance of their intention to terminate the service. Such advance notification period cannot exceed one (1) month. In such instances you will still be billed for the service during this notice period.

Mobile data allows you to gain wireless access to the Internet, any time, any place. However, you must have a data enabled mobile phone to access such services. Essentially, whenever you read your emails, browse the Internet, share photos online, stream movies, or use social networking sites, you are making use of data services. The below table provides a clear indication as to which services or applications actually consume data from your mobile package.

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At the outset, you need to have a data enabled mobile phone in order to enjoy data services. Mobile phones typically connect to the Internet, either through a WiFi connection or via mobile data. You would therefore, either need to have a mobile subscription that also provides for data services, or else you may opt to make use of a paid, or free WiFi hotspot. If you have mobile data services enabled on your mobile phone and have a subscription that supports these services, then you can use the Internet on your phone even when WiFi is not readily available. Many mobile telephony packages available on the market offer a pre-determined amount of data, free of charge, as part of the subscription plan. Some service providers also offer you the possibility of purchasing data bundles, over and above the allocated data allowance.

The amount of mobile data that you will need will depend very much on how often you intend to use it and particularly, on your specific activity on the Internet on your mobile phone. For example, if you use the Internet on your mobile phone to watch videos on YouTube (especially if these videos are in High Definition) and download large files, you will consume more data than if you use the Internet to read your emails or to browse websites. Understanding your monthly data usage will help you choose the right mobile data plan for you. The below graphical representation will shed some light on the level of mobile data consumption, depending on the service or application being used.

Note: Mobile data consumption may differ from one mobile phone to another.

Certain service providers may send you an automatic notification before, and upon exhausting the free allocated data allowance. Certain service providers also offer the facility to enquire about your data consumption by sending an SMS to a particular number. You would then receive a reply indicating your data balance. It is important to enquire with your service provider about the different mechanisms available to control your data consumption. If you continue using data services after you have exhausted your data allowance within your plan, you will be charged for such data.  Such charges should be listed in your contract upon subscribing to the service.  You can use such services, free of charge, only if you connect to a free WiFi hotspot.

Mobile data is calculated in terms of kilobyte (KB), megabyte (MB), and gigabyte (GB). There are 1,024 KB in 1 MB and 1,024 MB in 1 GB. Most of the data tariffs are calculated, and/or charged, on a per MB basis.

Certain smartphones have in-built applications which provide an approximation of mobile data usage at regular intervals during your mobile data subscription period. There are also a good number of data monitoring applications readily available for download from the web.  You also have the possibility to review your data usage pattern in retrospect, by viewing your itemised bill which provides you with a detailed description of your data usage through the previous billing period. This can provide valuable insight into how you can control, or make better use of your mobile data package in the following months.  Whilst the various monitoring data applications provide an approximation of your mobile data consumption, the itemised bill provided by your service provider shows the true extent of your data usage.

3G stands for ‘Third Generation Network’. Similarly, 4G stands for ‘Fourth Generation Network’. Both 3G and 4G networks enable you to access mobile data, however the speed of the Internet connection is the differentiating factor between the two networks. 4G networks provide higher Internet speeds when compared to a 3G network. The difference between these two networks does not affect your mobile data consumption. However, due to the higher speeds offered by a 4G network, you are more likely to engage in increased online activity, which directly impacts the amount of mobile data consumed.

There are various measures you can take to avoid unnecessary data consumption. The following are some examples:

• If you are not using the Internet, make sure you turn off the mobile data facility on yourphone.  Even if you are not using the Internet, certain applications may continue working in the background and consequently eat away your mobile data allowance

• Alternatively, if you do not want to turn off your mobile data facilities, restrict background data. Some of your mobile applications consume data even if you are not using them.  Review your mobile settings accordingly. 

• Connect to a WiFi hotspot whenever this is possible. Today, many food and beverage establishments, entertainment and public places offer free WiFi facilities, so make use of these whenever possible to preserve your mobile data allowance.

• Many mobile phones offer the facility to restrict any applications updates to be undertaken using a WiFi connection only. In such cases, you would need to set the device settings accordingly.

• Turn off push notifications. Your phone may have an option to stop you from receiving any automatic notifications upon receipt of new emails or any incoming news from your social media accounts.

• Avoid using your personal mobile phone as a personal hotspot whilst using mobile data as other wireless devices can connect and consume data from your mobile data package.

• Use mobilefriendly websites whenever possible. Websites which are optimised for mobile use (i.e. mobile version websites) are designed to be less data heavy when compared to main sites and will therefore consume less data.

• Review the settings of your social media accounts. Facebook, for example, has a feature which automatically plays videos that feature on your timeline. This will result in a considerably higher amount of mobile data consumption. You can stop this by changing your Facebook settings to run such videos only when connected to WiFi or to not play videos automatically.

Yes, you can use the Internet on your mobile phone when travelling. When you are abroad there are certain mechanisms which help you to prevent any data bill shocks. For further information take a look at the FAQs on Roaming found in this section.

You can subscribe to the following electronic communications services; mobile telephony, fixed telephony, television and Internet services. These services can be purchased either on a standalone basis or in a bundle (i.e. 2 or more services bundled together). Usually, when subscribing to a bundle, the price of the services tends to be cheaper than when purchased on a standalone basis. Additionally, service providers offer certain packages on a minimum duration of one month to a maximum duration of 24 months.

Before selecting a service provider and/or taking up an offer, it is important to consider what is most important to you, whether it is the cost, quality of service, duration of contract, customer care services, billing arrangements or any other factor. Consider your particular usage patterns, for instance, how often you use the service, at what time of the day you intend to use the service, etc. The following tips will help you identify the service provider and/or offer that best matches your individual needs.  

• Shop around and compare the offers of the various service providers. For instance, if the level of customer care service is important to you, call the different service providers to enquire about the service you need. Such communications with customer care personnel will provide you with an insight into the level of customer service provided by the service providers.
• Check any testimonials and promotional material such as discussion programmes, adverts, leaflets and so on. Do not base your choice solely on information provided from such sources. This information might not be fully comprehensive and if you base your decision solely on such information, there may be important terms and conditions which you may not be aware of.
• Review the MCA's Communication Services Section to find out what types of electronic communications services are offered in Malta. 

Make sure you are well informed about the following:

FULL COST: This may include the rental fee, monthly payment, repair costs, tariffs, etc;

COSTS OF CUSTOMER PREMISES EQUIPMENT (CPE): This is provided by the service provider. It is important to check whether such CPE is offered on lease and whether a deposit is required. If a deposit is applicable, check whether such deposit is refunded when the CPE is returned upon disconnection. Check also any charges that may apply if the CPE is found damaged when returned;

INSTALLATION PROCEDURE: This may include an installation charge and maximum time for installation. Find out what steps you can take if the operator does not follow the installation process;

MAXIMUM REPAIR TIME FOR FAULTS: Check the maximum repair time to restore services should the service develop a fault;

TYPES OF MAINTENANCE SERVICES: Check what maintenance services are provided by the service provider. You may also wish to check if such services are offered free of charge or against payment;

LIMITATIONS: These may include service coverage, roaming agreements or any other conditions which may affect your ability to use the service;

COST CONTROL FACILITIES: Check whether the service provider has any facilities to allow you to monitor how much you spend on telephony services. Such mechanisms may be offered through SMS and/or online;

TYPE OF SERVICE: You should know whether the service is being offered as a pre-paid or as a post-paid service;

ACCESS OF BILLS: Check whether the bill is received by post or whether it can be accessed online or both;

METHOD OF PAYMENT: There may be more than one way for you to pay your bills, for instance by visiting an outlet, paying online, through direct debit, etc. You may wish to check whether any discounts are given should you wish to choose a particular payment option;

PAYMENT CONDITIONS: These include penalties imposed if you do not pay your bill on time. You should check whether the service provider offers any discounts should you pay before the due date;

MINIMUM DURATION OF THE CONTRACT: Some contracts include a minimum period of service, for example, two years. In the event you wish to terminate your contract before this period ends, you may incur a penalty;

PENALTIES: These may apply should you terminate the contract before any contractual period is over, as indicated above;

TERMINATION PROCEDURE: Make sure you are aware of the disconnection procedure when terminating your service. For further information take a look at the FAQs on Termination of Service found in this section.

COMPENSATION OR OTHER FORMS OF REDRESS: These apply if the service provider does not achieve the quality of service levels stipulated in the contract; and

COMPLAINT AND ENQUIRY HANDLING PROCEDURE: Find out what you would need to do if you wish to complain or enquire about the service. Also, find out how long the service provider takes to answer enquiries and complaints.

Mobile telephony

• Decide whether you prefer to subscribe to a pre-paid service (with top-up cards) or a post-paid service (a signed contract having a specific  duration).
• If you intend to buy a mobile phone from a service provider, check whether it is network locked or SIM card locked. In both cases, it is important to identify the applicable charges should you decide to unlock the phone.
• Before selecting a mobile package you should consider your usage pattern. For example, certain service providers offer packages for those who use mostly mobile date, SMS services or calls. There are also add-on bundles which can be purchased.

Fixed telephony

• Decide whether you prefer to subscribe to a pre-paid service (with top-up cards) or a post-paid service (a signed contract having a specific  duration).
• Take note of the various time bands: peak and off-peak bands used by the service provider, if any, as these may differ from one service provider to another.
• Calls made to numbers starting with the prefix '800 X XXXX', referred to as 'freephone' numbers are not charged if the call originates from a fixed telephony line. Nevertheless, you may incur a charge for calls made from your mobile.

TV

• Check the TV channel line up as this differs from one package to another as well as from one service provider to another. This is subject to commercial negotiations between the service providers, broadcasters and other content providers.
• Check for any add-on services which may be offered by service providers, which normally include movies and sports packages.
• High Definition (HD) content may also be available; however in order to view such channels you require a television set that supports HD format as well as an HD set-top box.

Internet

• Look out for the Internet speed especially the typical speed range (TSR).
• Check whether any download limits are applicable.
• Review any traffic management policies which the service provider may apply in case of network congestion.

• Read and understand all the terms and conditions attached to the service you are considering subscribing to. It is very important that you read the terms and conditions carefully before signing a service contract.
• Review the terms and conditions by accessing the service providers' websites as they are published online. Furthermore, such terms and conditions are also available at no cost at the service providers' outlets for inspection by prospective subscribers.
• Contact operators’ customer care services. If there is anything you feel is not clear in the terms and conditions, do not hesitate to ask the customer care personnel or sales persons to explain it further.

When you subscribe to an electronic communications service, make sure you:

• Always keep a copy of your contract, receipts, invoices and any formal communications exchanged with your service provider. If you conclude your contract online, print or save a copy;
• Ensure that the services that are provided conform to the description and meet the specifications set out in your contract; and
• When communicating with the service provider, take note of who you speak to, record the date, time and the main outcome of your communication.

The applicable charge for a call to a premium rate number is usually higher than the price of a standard call to a fixed or mobile line. Unlike a standard call towards a fixed or mobile line, the charge for a call to a premium rate number consists of the standard fixed call charge and an additional service charge.

The premium rate numbers currently used by the local service providers are those starting with 50, 51, and 52. (Note that premium rate numbers in other countries may have number structures which are different from those applicable in Malta).

The following points may help you identify a premium number:

• The first digits of a number will help you identify a premium number. Please refer to the reply to the previous question for information on the range of premium numbers in Malta;
• Look out for the applicable tariff charge as this information is made public when the particular service is advertised or referred to; and
• Contact your service provider for information on specific premium numbers.

Premium rate numbers are telephone numbers used to offer value added services to subscribers at a charge.

A contract summary is a standardised document which includes a concise and easily readable presentation of the main information that providers are required to provide to consumers prior to the conclusion of the contract.The information to be included in the contract summary shall include amongst others details about the service/s to be provided, price, duration, termination of the contract etc. The contract summary must not be lengthier than a one page document (for one service) or a three page document (for a bundle).

A contract summary is to be provided for all publicly available electronic communications services including internet, TV, fixed and mobile telephony services, and bundles comprising any of these mentioned services.  The contract summary is to be provided to post-paid, hybrid and pre-paid services.

The contract summary enables consumers to better compare the different tariff plans for communications services offered by providers prior to the conclusion of a contract. The comparison of tariff plans becomes easier as all providers inform consumers about the same main elements of the contract in a uniform manner.

Before the conclusion of a contract, besides receiving the contract summary, consumers are also entitled to also receive a copy of their detailed contract (also referred to as the ‘pre-contractual document’) which includes all the details and contractual clauses regulating the services being subscribed to.

As a minimum, the contract summary must be made accessible by service providers to the consumers before the conclusion of a contract. Consumers are also entitled to request a contract summary for the sole purpose to compare the different tariff plans made available by the different providers without the without the need to necessarily subscribe to the service/s.The contract summary may be provided through the same means as the pre-contractual document, such as in paper form at the service providers’ outlets or online.

The contract can only become effective when the consumer has confirmed agreement after having received the contract summary and the pre-contractual document. Once the contract is concluded, the pre-contractual document and the contract summary become an integral part of the contract.

In accordance with the Electronic Communications Networks and Services Regulations S.L. 399.48 of the Laws of Malta, the contract can only become effective when the consumer has confirmed his or her agreement after reception of the contract summary and the pre-contractual document.

Yes, micro-enterprises, small enterprises or not-for-profit organisations are entitled to receive the contract summary, unless they have explicitly agreed to waive the need for the contract summary.

Scams based on electronic communications services (ECS) comprise malicious communications sent through various types of communications, including phone calls, SMS, email or online messages. In such communications, the scammer typically claims to be from a trusted entity such as a bank, government department, postal operator or e-commerce site, and uses the communication to induce the recipient to reveal sensitive, personal or financial information.

In such scams, one often comes across the term ‘phishing’, which is used to refer to tactics used by the scammer to ‘lure’ (like in traditional fishing, but the bait would be a special offer or an urgent request) the target victim to share personal, financial or sensitive information, such as PINs, passwords or other credentials, which is then used to commit fraud or other crimes. The term ‘vishing’ is used to refer to phishing scams based on voice-calls, whereas ‘smishing’ refers to scams that use SMS as their means of communication.

Scammers use online tools that help them “spoof” the identity of trusted entities, such as banks, government departments, postal operators or e-commerce sites. Spoofing refers to the act of presenting the identity of a third party instead of your own, and this approach is resorted to by the scammer to deceive the receiving party. CLI Spoofing refers to spoofed “calling line identification” (CLI, at times also referred to as ‘Caller ID’), and is a technique used to make phone calls appear from the phone number of a trusted entity. For SMS messages, the equivalent approach is “Sender ID” spoofing, whereby scammers mimic the brand, name or number of a trusted entity and make the SMS they send appear to be from such trusted entity.  Other tools available to scammers include the ability to spoof email addresses belonging to trusted entities, as well as to replicate the look and feel of these entities’ official websites.

Such techniques are used to give the recipient a false sense of security, and they are widely used in phishing scams. Recipients of any communication should therefore always stay vigilant even when the phone number, sender identifier, email and/or websites look familiar and trustworthy. If something seems off, excessively pressing or urgent, or “too good to be true”, it’s likely an impersonation scam.

In most cases, scam calls or SMS are not targeted to reach specific individuals. Rather, scammers typically use tools that allow them to randomly generate phone numbers, or to obtain phone numbers available online, in order to target a wide range of phone numbers that may be assigned to members of the general public. Therefore, when you receive a scam call or SMS, this does not necessarily mean that your device was hacked or that someone provided your phone number to the scammer. It is, unfortunately, a situation that cannot be completely avoided.

However, you can still adopt some good practices to protect your number from scammers. Firstly, the MCA recommends avoiding the publication of personal phone numbers online unless strictly necessary. For instance, if you do not use social media for business purposes, think twice before making your personal phone number visible on your public profile. Moreover, avoid listing your personal phone number in online forms where the submission of this information is not mandatory. Consider your phone numbers as personal data, and remember that it is better to refrain from sharing such personal data with third parties unless such sharing is to your benefit.

The best layer of defence is to stay vigilant and informed. The MCA regularly publishes informative content on how to avoid becoming a victim, (article 1 – article 2). Scammers are constantly adapting their techniques and new forms of scams emerge with regular frequency. Being aware of such techniques and how to spot red flags is crucial, as this allows you to immediately stop or ignore such scam communications and reducing your risks. As a general rule, one should never disclose PINs or passwords. One should also be cautious when requested to share other personal or sensitive information, such as bank account details or credit card information. Scammers prey on fear, threats, or urgency to trigger their target to take some action such as by clicking on a link, calling a phone number provided by the scammer, installing an app or granting the scammer remote access to the target’s device. So staying composed and vigilant is critical to see through their tricks and avoid becoming a victim. Also, keep in mind that if something seems too good to be true, it probably is a scam! If in doubt whether a call or message is a scam or a legitimate communication from a trusted entity, stop any ongoing communication and contact the entity using its publicly advertised contact channels only.

Some devices, such as smartphones, may offer in-built functionality to protect users from scam or spam communications, (e.g. automatic call filters, spam filters for SMS, etc.). The responsible use of such functionalities may provide an additional layer of defence against scams. However, be aware that sometimes these tools may work in the scammers’ favour!

For instance, some phone number ‘screening’ solutions will inspect the number that is calling you, and – after searching the internet – the phone would display the name of any business associated with this number in the Caller ID, besides (or in place of) the phone number itself. For example, if the solution finds that the calling party number belongs to the ‘Bank of Malta’, your Caller ID will clearly show text that you have an incoming call from the ‘Bank of Malta’, (i.e. not just the phone number). This feature may be useful to help you know who is calling in advance, but since phone numbers can be ‘spoofed’ by scammers, it can also mislead you. Be aware that such features only work by looking up the number on the internet in real-time, and are not a guarantee of the true source of origin for the call.

Besides ongoing public awareness campaigns via social media and online articles, the MCA is also active in the fight against scam communications through measures intended to safeguard trust in Maltese phone numbers, and corresponding efforts to prevent the misuse, unauthorised or fraudulent use of such numbers. It is worth noting that most scam communications towards Maltese numbers are received from abroad. 

Within this context, in April 2024, the MCA published a Decision Notice on Preventative Measures to Mitigate CLI Spoofing and Vishing Scams, which imposed the implementation of “anti-scam” blocking measures on local network operators that are first to receive traffic in Malta from overseas. As a result, as from 1 November 2024, some calls received from abroad are being “filtered out” and stopped from reaching end-users in Malta. So far, these measures are only targeting calls where the calling party number is a Maltese number from specific numbering ranges (namely, all numbering ranges except those starting with (+356) ‘4’, (+356) ‘7’ or (+356) ‘9’). 

These measures will contribute to a reduction in scam calls that rely on spoofing Maltese numbers, especially well-known Maltese phone numbers belonging to trusted entities such as banks, government departments, law enforcement authorities or postal operators. 

The blocking measures are intended to work like a ‘rule-based filter’, whereby the rules are designed to block calls with a Maltese ‘Calling Party Number’ (CgPN) that are suggestive of a potential scam call or a call that was placed through an unauthorised service provider. The filter will inspect all calls that are received over international links to identify those calls with a Maltese CgPN from the following numbering ranges, namely ‘1’, ‘2’, ‘3’, ‘5’, ‘6’, and ‘8’. The identified calls will then be subject to the following rules:

• Rule 1 of the filter is that where the CgPN starts with ‘3’, ‘5’ or ‘6’, the call would be blocked outright, since, at this time, such a CgPN is either invalid (starts with ‘3’ or ‘6’) or not permitted (starts with ‘5’) and would thus represent either misuse or unauthorised use of Maltese numbers.
• Rule 2 of the filter is that where the CgPN starts with ‘1’ (short code), ‘2’ (fixed number) or ‘8’ (freephone number), the filter will check whether or not the ‘Called Party Number’ (CdPN) is a Maltese ‘Mobile Station Roaming Number’ (MSRN), which is a special number that is temporarily associated with calls towards ‘inbound roamers’ (e.g. tourist visiting Malta). For calls where the CdPN corresponds to an MSRN, the call would not be blocked – this exception is important since otherwise all calls from Maltese CgPN starting with ‘1’, ‘2’ or ‘8’ towards inbound roamers would have been blocked. However, if the call has CgPN starting with ‘1’, ‘2’ or ‘8’ and is destined to any other Maltese number, then such call would also be blocked.

There are two specific scenarios, involving call forwarding, that will be negatively impacted by these blocks, namely:

• Calls from numbers starting with ‘1’, ‘2’ or ‘8’ towards a foreign number that are forwarded back to another Maltese number would be blocked by the filter; and
• Calls from numbers starting with ‘1’, ‘2’ or ‘8’ towards a Maltese outbound roamer (i.e. a subscriber assigned a Maltese number starting with ‘7’ or ‘9’ who is roaming whilst outside Malta e.g. Maltese tourist abroad) that are ‘late forwarded’ to another Maltese number would also be blocked by the filter. (‘Late forwarding’ occurs when an incoming call is forwarded to another number on specific conditions, such as when the called party is already busy in another call.)

Lastly, this implementation is also foreseen to have an impact on calls generated via internet- or cloud-based communications applications that are implemented overseas (referred to as ‘overseas solutions’ in the MCA’s Decision Notice) by unauthorised service providers and where the CgPN is a Maltese number starting with ‘1’, ‘2’, ‘3’, ‘5’, ‘6’ or ‘8’. Where such ‘overseas solutions’ permit their users to originate calls towards Maltese numbers, such calls would typically be received in Malta over local operators’ international links. Therefore, these calls would also be subject to the rule-based filter, and may be blocked depending on whether they satisfy Rule 1 or Rule 2 of the filter as described above.

Outgoing calls with Maltese numbers placed via internet- or cloud-based communications applications would be blocked if they satisfy the anti-scam rule-based filters. To mitigate the impact on users of such applications, the MCA introduced bespoke measures to ensure that the authorised provision of such applications, and the corresponding call origination services, may continue to be offered, in a regulated manner, unaffected by the blocking measures. More information on these bespoke measures may be found in Section 5.4 of the Decision Notice available here.

Furthermore, users assigned Maltese numbers starting with ‘1’, ‘2’ or ‘8’ may verify if their calls are being placed through an application or overseas solution provided by an authorised provider by placing a call, via their outbound calling setup, towards the number +356 2400 2400. Such a call will be charged at the same rate as for calls to on-net fixed numbers.

Users who make this call via a call origination service of an authorised service provider would be greeted by a voice announcement that specifies that the service provider is authorised with the MCA. If the user receives a different announcement, or the call fails to connect, this would indicate that the call was placed from the call origination service of an unauthorised provider.

Users of services provided by unauthorised providers are urged to reach out to such providers and enquire about any mitigation efforts being implemented to comply with the MCA’s Decision Notice. Such unauthorised providers were required to achieve compliance by no later than 1 October 2024. Users may also reach out to the Numbering team at MCA for more information on +356 2133 6840 or via email on numbering@mca.org.mt.

No, the MCA’s blocking measures, as required in the Decision Notice on Preventative Measures to Mitigate CLI Spoofing and Vishing Scams, only represent a first phase of interventions against scam communications. Additional work is envisaged on the part of the MCA in the fight against scams that use electronic communications services (ECS).

The MCA reminds that, as explained in the Decision Notice itself, other forms of scams exist that could not be addressed through this Decision Notice due to additional complexities that require solutions that are not yet available or deployable, such as in the case of scams where the calling party number is a mobile number and SMS-based scams.

Furthermore, scammers are continuously evolving their techniques, and regulators will have to continuously monitor this space and adapt their regulatory approach accordingly. Therefore, the MCA is committed to persist in ongoing educational and awareness initiatives, as public vigilance will always remain the most effective means to reduce scams.

Said that, even though the new blocking measures are not exhaustive, the MCA’s Decision Notice is an important first step that provides end-users with a layer of protection, and reduces the opportunities available to scammers to deceive subscribers assigned Maltese numbers.

No. When calling or sending an SMS from Malta to any other country, this is referred to as international calling or international SMS and not international roaming. This means that any regulations related to international roaming do not apply in case of international calls or SMSs made from Malta to another country and may carry with it different tariffs to those applicable in the case of roaming.

International roaming is a service offered by mobile service providers that allows you to use your current mobile service with your local provider when abroad. Since your mobile service provider does not provide its services outside Malta, it has agreements with foreign operators allowing you to make and receive voice calls, send and receive SMSs, and use other services such as voicemail and data services, whilst you are travelling in other countries. 

Before travelling abroad, it is very important that you contact your mobile service provider and check:

• whether your subscription allows roaming in the destination country; 
• how much you will be charged when using your phone in the destination country, including voice calls, SMS, access to the Internet, and use of voicemail;
• which foreign operator network best fits your needs and, when travelling outside the EU/EEA, offers the cheapest roaming rates, and how to manually choose your preferred foreign operator network; and 
• how to activate and make use of other important services (voicemail, call diverts, network selection) while roaming and the charges involved.

Note: Make sure you take note of the below information, in case your phone is lost or stolen while you are travelling.

• Your mobile handset serial number (IMEI number) generally located underneath the battery of your mobile phone, it can also be retrieved by pressing *#06# on your handset; and
• Your mobile service provider customer care number.

When travelling in any EU member state and also in European Economic Area (EEA) countries, you will be charged the same as if you were using your mobile phone at home referred to as Roam Like At Home (RLAH). In this respect when roaming in EU/EEA countries your domestic rates will apply, however, there are a few exceptions which will be discussed into further detail below.

In order to provide roaming services, your service provider has to use networks that are available in other EU/EEA countries and managed by other foreign operators. Since network availability throughout the EU/EEA varies, the same network generations and technologies (e.g. 4G, 5G) and mobile network speed may not always be available. However, the Roaming Regulation aims to ensure that when similar quality or speeds are available in the visited network, your service provider should ensure the same quality of the roaming service. In other words, if you have access to 5G connectivity at home, you should not have 4G connectivity while roaming, as long as 5G is available at the visited location. According to the Roaming Regulation, your service provider should inform you of the quality of services you can expect while roaming, by stating this in the retail contract and publishing information on its website.

The RLAH measure does not apply in countries outside the EU/EEA, however in accordance with the EU Roaming Regulations there are a number of consumer protection measures which are applicable whilst roaming in these countries.

We suggest you check with your mobile service provider how much you will be charged for making and/or receiving calls and SMSs, data usage, and voicemail when roaming outside the EU/EEA. If you decide that you want to disable any of the above facilities to avoid such charges, enquire with your service provider to guide you accordingly. 

In most cases, when travelling on ships and planes, the EU Roaming Regulation would not apply. There could be circumstances when cruising in the vicinity of an EU/EEA territory (such as rivers, lakes or along the coast) where you may connect with a typical mobile network. 

RLAH tariffs apply when travelling in EU member states and also in European Economic Area (EEA) countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway).

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Domestic pricing means the amount charged on a per unit basis for calls, SMSs and data made whilst using your mobile in the Maltese Islands. The domestic price differs from one tariff plan to another and even between service providers. 

The EU Roaming Regulation states that the domestic retail price used for calculating a RLAH tariff, could be at a maximum, the price for a call/SMS made to a network other than the one you are subscribed to whilst in Malta. This is also referred to as the off-net domestic rate.

Example 1: If you are subscribed to a mobile package where you enjoy unlimited calls to all local networks, when calling from another EU/EEA country to Malta or to any other EU/EEA country you will not be charged for any calls.

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Example 2: Your mobile package includes unlimited calls to the same network you are subscribed to (on-net calls) and a charge of €0.20 per minute for calls made to subscribers of other local networks (off-net calls). However, when calling someone on the same network you are subscribed to whilst roaming in an EU/EEA country, the off-net domestic rate of €0.20 per minute could apply.

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Note: You will not be charged for any calls received whilst travelling within the EU/EEA, however, charges may apply if you travel outside the EU/EEA.

Yes, your service provider may decide not to apply RLAH whilst you are roaming in any EU/EEA country in cases when you do not have proof of a normal residence or stable links entailing a frequent and substantial presence in the Maltese Islands.

Your service provider may request certain information (e.g. official identification document, declaration by employer and/or academic body etc.) upon concluding your contract or after it has monitored your usage pattern for four consecutive months and determines that your roaming usage is higher than your domestic use.

If you fail to provide such sufficient proof your service provider can start applying the following surcharges:

• Calls capped at a surcharge of €0.022/minute (excluding VAT and excise tax);
• SMSs capped at a surcharge of €0.004 (excluding VAT and excise tax);
• Data capped at a surcharge of €1.55/GB (excluding VAT and excise tax).

The FUP is a measure mobile service providers may implement in the case of RLAH to prevent abusive and anomalous usage in an EU/EEA country, such as the use of roaming services other than for periodic travel.

FUP may be applicable in cases of metered (per unit basis) data for pre-paid subscribers and/or open data bundles (which in most cases apply for post-paid subscribers).

If you are on a pre-paid basis and your domestic unit price of data works out less than the wholesale rate of €1.55/GB, your service provider may apply a data limit whilst roaming in the EU/EEA. The data limit is calculated by dividing the remaining credit available when you start using data roaming services (excluding taxes) by €1.55 to establish your data limit in GB. For the purpose of the EU Roaming Regulation there are 1,000MB in every GB and 1,000KB in every MB.

Open data bundles can be classified into two; packages which offer unlimited data and packages for which the domestic unit price of data is less than the wholesale rate.

If your national mobile bundle includes unlimited data, your service provider must provide you with a large volume of roam like at home data depending on the price of your mobile bundle. This also applies when your national mobile tariff plan includes data at a domestic unit price which is less than €1.55/GB.

Your service provider should clearly inform you of the roam like at home data allowance applicable whilst roaming in the EU/EEA.

If you want to check the provider’s calculation, here is how: the roaming data volume must be at least twice the volume obtained by dividing the price of your mobile bundle (excluding VAT) by €1.55. For your information, €1.55 is the maximum price that your mobile service provider has to pay the foreign operator for 1 GB of data when you are abroad in the EU/EEA during 2024.

Example for Unlimited data

Example: At home, you have a mobile bundle including unlimited calls, SMS and data for €35 per month excluding taxes. When travelling in the EU/EEA, you get roam like at home for unlimited calls and SMS, and at least 45.16GB of data (2*(35/1.55) = 45.16). In case you use more data while roaming than 45.16GB you may have to pay a small charge which is capped at €1.55/GB (excluding VAT).

Examples for Not Unlimited data

Example 1: At home, you have a mobile bundle including 100 minutes, 100 SMSs and 8GB of data for €10 per month excluding VAT. This bundle is an open data bundle (10/8<1.55). When travelling in the EU/EEA, you get roam like at home for calls and SMS, and at least 12.90 GB of data (2*(10/1.55) = 12.90).If you use more data whilst roaming than that available locally up to 12.90GB, the domestic out of bundle rate will apply. In case you use more data while roaming than 12.90GB, you may have to pay a small charge which is capped at €1.55/GB (excluding VAT) in addition to the domestic out of bundle rate.

Example 2: At home, you have a mobile bundle including 150 minutes, 150 SMSs and 30GB of data for €15 per month excluding VAT. This bundle is an open data bundle (15/30<1.55). When travelling in the EU/EEA, you get roam like at home for calls and SMS, and at least 19.35 GB of data (2*(15/1.55) = 19.35). In case you use more data while roaming than 19.35GB, you may have to pay a small charge which is capped at €1.55/GB (excluding VAT) in addition to the consumption of data under your domestic tariff plan.

If your service provider has not explicitly informed you of a roaming data limit, you can benefit while abroad from the full amount of data under your domestic tariff plan.

Your service provider is only entitled to apply a roam like at home data limit in 2024 in case you pay less than €0.78/GB of data used. The actual limit depends on the monthly amount you pay for your mobile contract. The limit is calculated as in the previous answer.

Example 1: At home you have a mobile bundle including unlimited calls, SMS and 3 GB of data for €25 excluding taxes. In this case, €25 / 1.55GB = €16.13/GB. When travelling in the EU/EEA, you get roam like at home with unlimited calls and SMS, and 3 GB of data, exactly like at home.

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Example 2: At home you have a mobile bundle including unlimited calls, SMS and 30 GB of data for €20 excluding taxes. The calculation is €20 / 30GB = €0.67/ GB. When travelling in the EU/EEA, you get RLAH with unlimited calls and SMS, and at least 25.81 GB of data (2*(20/1.55) = 25.81). If the service provider wishes to apply such a data limit while roaming, they must clearly inform you of the volume available and whenever you have consumed that volume while abroad.

Yes, the EU Roaming Regulation allows your service provider to offer tariff plans which can only be used locally. However, your service provider cannot offer an add-on package allowing the use of roaming services on top of this tariff plan.

Yes, when you first arrive in any foreign country or on a ship or plane, you will automatically receive a welcome notification (generally by SMS) including basic personalised roaming charges that apply when making and receiving calls (when applicable), sending of SMSs and data. When you are roaming in the EU/EEA, this notification will also include the following information:

• A free-of-charge number you can contact to obtain more information;
• Information on the possibility to access the 112 emergency number free of charge;
• A link to access, free of charge, a webpage accessible to persons with disabilities and which includes information on the alternative means of access to emergency services;
• A link to access, free of charge, a webpage with information on the availability of public warning systems in the EU/EEA. Where public warning mobile apps are deployed, the webpage information is to include a link to the mobile app and instructions on how to download the mobile app; and
• A link to access, free of charge, a webpage with information on the potential risk of increased charges due to the use of value-added services (freephone, premium rate and shared cost services) whilst roaming. This webpage will also include information on numbering ranges of EU/EEA countries used for value-added services.

Should you not wish to receive any notification referred to above, you can opt-out at any time free of charge by contacting your mobile service provider. Nonetheless, you can opt-back in at any time free of charge.

Note: Roaming pricing related notifications should be sent by your service provider even when travelling outside the EU/EEA.

Your service provider is required to enable you to control how much you spend on data services. To ensure that you do not accidentally run up huge bills when you connect to the Internet using your mobile phone or other mobile device whilst roaming a cut-off mechanism applies.

• Your data roaming limit is automatically set at a level which is close to, but does not exceed €50 excluding VAT per month whilst travelling (not exceeding €61.36 if including VAT and duty tax);
• Should you not wish to benefit from this automatic cut-off, you can opt-out at any time free of charge by contacting your mobile service provider;
• Mobile service providers may offer you other data roaming limits with different (higher or lower) maximum monthly financial or equivalent volume limits; and    
• A request from your part to remove the default cut-off limit or opt for another limit shall be carried out within one working day from receipt of your request, free of charge and without any other conditions or restrictions. 

In addition to the above, the Roaming Regulation also stipulates that your service provider shall send you the following notifications.

• When you reach 80% of the agreed financial or volume cut-off data-roaming limit (i.e. €50/month excluding taxes or other agreed limit) you will receive a notification on your mobile phone or other mobile device; and
• When you reach the agreed limit, you will receive a notification informing you of the procedure to be followed if you wish to continue to use the data service in that particular month and the cost of additional data.  If you do not respond as prompted, your service provider will cut off the data service for that month.   
• If you requested the service provider to continue using data service and you consume more than €100 in a monthly billing period, excluding VAT, an additional notification is sent to your mobile device. This notification shall indicate the procedure to be followed if you wish to continue with the services and the cost of each additional unit to be consumed. 

Note: This cut-off mechanism applies whether roaming in an EU/EEA country, outside the EU/EEA and on a ship or plane. In cases where such mechanism cannot be provided when travelling outside an EU/EEA country or on a ship or plane, your mobile service provider shall inform you in your notification message when you first arrive in that country or on the ship or plane. 

The Roaming Regulation requires that all mobile service providers offer you the RLAH tariff whether you are a pre-paid or a post-paid customer. It is important to note that:

• You will automatically benefit from this tariff, unless you choose a different roaming package with different tariffs for calls, SMS or data consumed in an EU/EEA country;
• Your mobile service provider may offer other roaming packages, in addition to the RLAH tariff. Such packages may exceed the RLAH charges, but on the other hand, the package may be more beneficial to your specific requirements. Hence, it is advisable to visit the service providers’ website or contact them; and
• You may switch to or from the RLAH from/to another tariff at any time free of charge. A request from your part to switch shall be carried out within one working day from receipt of your request, and without any other conditions or restrictions other than for roaming.

Yes. If you decide to remain on the alternative roaming package, you will not experience any change, however, you may consider switching your plan to the RLAH tariff.

While the purpose of these FAQs is to give you a general overview on the EU Roaming Regulation, your service provider can provide you with further benefits whilst on the RLAH tariff, such as the applicable fair use policy. In this respect, should you wish to enquire about the rates applicable to your particular plan whilst roaming, we invite you to first contact your mobile service provider.

Calls to numbers used for value-added services may include calling some insurance companies, airlines, railway companies, hotels, customer support helpdesks, etc. Value-added services may also be used to allow you to participate in a vote for a television show competition or to make a donation to a charity organisation by sending SMS to specific value-added service numbers.

Numbers used for value-added services include premium-rate numbers, freephone numbers and shared-cost numbers.

When calling or sending SMS to numbers used for value-added services whilst roaming, the Roam Like At Home (RLAH) principle does not apply.

When you are abroad, including in EU/EEA countries, calling or sending an SMS to a value-added service number may incur a higher rate than you are expecting. A number that you can call for free from Malta may be at a charge when you are abroad. Similarly, if you pay a low rate for a phone call or SMS to a value-added service number from Malta, when you are abroad you can be charged a much higher rate for a call or SMS to the same number. It is important to keep yourself informed of whether a number you are trying to reach whilst roaming is a value-added service number.

Your mobile service provider is obliged to provide you with information on the use of value added services whilst roaming. This shall consist of:

·    Including information on the types of services that may be charged at higher rates whilst roaming in your contract (or terms and conditions in the case of a pre-paid subscription);

·   Publishing information on its website about the numbering ranges used for value-added services in EU/EEA countries. For example, if you are travelling in Italy and need to call an Italian number starting with '89' (excluding country code) or '3989' (including the country code of Italy), then you will find on your provider’s website that this is a premium-rate number and so you will know that you may be charged a high rate;

·       Providing information in the welcome notification (generally by SMS) sent when you first arrive in an EU/EEA country, including a link to access, free of charge, a webpage on your service provider's website that includes information on the potential risk of increased charges due to the use of value-added services whilst roaming. This webpage will also include information on numbering ranges of EU/EEA countries used for value-added services.

When you travel to a country in the EU/EEA, you will receive a welcome notification (generally by SMS) from your mobile service provider informing you that emergency number 112 may be called for free in case of emergency. This notification will also include a link to a webpage with information on other means of access to emergency services in case you are unable to call 112, such as by sending an SMS to a specific number or by downloading an app on your mobile phone. Access to this link must be provided free of charge by your service provider, and this webpage must be accessible to persons with disabilities.

Public warning systems are used to provide you with information about emergencies or major disasters, such as a warning about an earthquake, tsunami or a terrorist attack in the part of the country where you are located. Most EU/EEA countries have public warning systems in place that make it possible for you to receive public warning without taking any action from their end whilst roaming. However, some EU/EEA countries send public warnings through mobile apps.

In the welcome notification (generally by SMS) you receive when you first arrive in an EU/EEA country, there will also be a link to access, free of charge, a webpage with information on the availability of public warning systems in the EU/EEA. Where public warning mobile apps are deployed, the webpage information will also include a link to the mobile app and instructions on how to download the mobile app.

You can contact our offices on 21336840 or send us an email on customercare@mca.org.mt and we would be more than willing to help you. Further information is also available on the EU website

Note: These FAQs are without prejudice to the legal obligations on mobile service providers established in Regulation (EU) No 2022/612 on roaming on public mobile communications networks within the Union. 

In simple terms, the main purpose of radio equipment is to convey information from one place to another without wires, but through the use of radio frequencies.

Radio equipment is widely used in today’s world by everyone. Typical examples of radio equipment include: radio local area networks (e.g. Wi-Fi), Bluetooth devices, mobile phones, television and radio sets and remote controls.

• There is the CE mark on the equipment as well as on its packaging. The purpose of the CE mark is to indicate that the equipment meets certain conformity assessment requirements and may therefore be sold on the European market.
• An EU declaration of conformity (DoC) or a simplified version of it is included in the user documentation of the equipment.  The DoC is issued by the manufacturer to declare that the equipment fulfils the requirements of the applicable European Union directives.  CE marked equipment must have a DoC available.
•  Not all radio equipment is allowed to be used everywhere and some restrictions may apply.  Check for any restrictions on the packaging or user manual of the equipment.  An alert sign affixed close to the CE mark or printed on the user manual shows that restrictions apply.
•  The use of certain radio equipment may be subject to the grant of an individual licence issued by the Malta Communications Authority (MCA) against payment of fees.  This licence grants the right to its holder to install and use radio equipment and the right to use specific radio frequencies.  It is an offence to install this type of radio equipment prior to obtaining such a licence.  If in doubt contact the MCA for guidance.
• It is important that the radio equipment operates on the correct radio frequencies and with the correct parameters.  It is an offence to operate equipment which does not use the proper frequencies and associated technical parameters.  If in doubt contact the MCA for guidance.
• The equipment must be used only as declared by the manufacturer. For example, radio equipment intended to be used by radio amateurs cannot be used as a ‘walkie-talkie’ by persons not holding a valid amateur radio license, and radio equipment designed to be installed at indoor locations cannot be installed outdoors.

Yes, as long as the above checks are made. For purchases from online stores it is not always possible to check whether the equipment is compliant with European Union legislation and is CE marked. In this regard the MCA recommends to seek verifications directly from the seller.

It should be noted that you are responsible for the radio equipment which you will be buying and for any interference which your equipment could be causing.  Therefore, it is imperative to verify the technical compliance of radio equipment prior to buying.

Examples of radio equipment which is not allowed to be used in Malta includes:

• Devices intended to cause deliberate interference, such as mobile phone, GPS and Wi-Fi jammers.
• Cordless telephones (DECT) intended for use outside the European market (e.g. DECT 6), operating on the 1.9 GHz band.
• GMRS (general mobile radio service) and FRS (Family Radio Service) equipment used for voice / data communications.
• Video links, such as wireless cameras operating in the 1.2 GHz band.

Yes, the main ones are provided below:

• The installation of certain equipment could be subject to licenses, permits or authorisations issued by other competent authorities.  For example, the installation of certain antennas could be subject to a development planning permit or notification requirements with the Planning Authority.
• Technical compliant equipment cannot be installed everywhere.  For example, in accordance with national frameworks, radio local area network equipment (e.g. Wi-Fi) operating in the 5150-5350 MHz band cannot be installed at outdoor locations. Similarly, transmitters operating in the 5470-5725 MHz band from a drone are not permitted.  In general, this equipment is regulated by the apparatus general authorisation framework but if in doubt, contact the MCA for guidance.
• Repeaters used to improve the reception of mobile phone networks can only be installed and configured by mobile network operators. Hence, we suggest you contact your mobile telephony service provider. If you encounter any difficulties, you can contact the MCA to try and seek an amicable solution.

The Malta Customs Department is the entity responsible in this regard. During the process Customs, at its sole discretion, may request the MCA and, or other competent authorities to comment on the imported equipment.

• Electronic Communications (Regulation) Act (Cap. 399)
• General Authorisations (Radiocommunications Apparatus) Regulations (S.L. 399.40)
• Radiocommunications Apparatus Exemption order (S.L. 399.42)
• Radio Equipment Regulations (S.L. 427.41)